I'm trying to understand the basics of threading and concurrency. I want a simple case where two threads repeatedly try to access one shared resource.

The code:

import threading class Thread(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, t, *args): threading.Thread.__init__(self, target=t, args=args) self.start() count = 0 lock = threading.Lock() def increment(): global count lock.acquire() try: count += 1 finally: lock.release() def bye(): while True: increment() def hello_there(): while True: increment() def main(): hello = Thread(hello_there) goodbye = Thread(bye) while True: print count if __name__ == '__main__': main()

So, I have two threads, both trying to increment the counter. I thought that if thread 'A' called increment(), the lock would be established, preventing 'B' from accessing until 'A' has released.

Running the makes it clear that this is not the case. You get all of the random data race-ish increments.

How exactly is the lock object used?

Additionally, I've tried putting the locks inside of the thread functions, but still no luck.

8

2 Answers

You can see that your locks are pretty much working as you are using them, if you slow down the process and make them block a bit more. You had the right idea, where you surround critical pieces of code with the lock. Here is a small adjustment to your example to show you how each waits on the other to release the lock.

import threading import time import inspect class Thread(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, t, *args): threading.Thread.__init__(self, target=t, args=args) self.start() count = 0 lock = threading.Lock() def incre(): global count caller = inspect.getouterframes(inspect.currentframe())[1][3] print "Inside %s()" % caller print "Acquiring lock" with lock: print "Lock Acquired" count += 1 time.sleep(2) def bye(): while count < 5: incre() def hello_there(): while count < 5: incre() def main(): hello = Thread(hello_there) goodbye = Thread(bye) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

Sample output:

... Inside hello_there() Acquiring lock Lock Acquired Inside bye() Acquiring lock Lock Acquired ...
10
import threading # global variable x x = 0 def increment(): """ function to increment global variable x """ global x x += 1 def thread_task(): """ task for thread calls increment function 100000 times. """ for _ in range(100000): increment() def main_task(): global x # setting global variable x as 0 x = 0 # creating threads t1 = threading.Thread(target=thread_task) t2 = threading.Thread(target=thread_task) # start threads t1.start() t2.start() # wait until threads finish their job t1.join() t2.join() if __name__ == "__main__": for i in range(10): main_task() print("Iteration {0}: x = {1}".format(i,x))
1