I'm performing a simple task of uploading a file using Python requests library. I searched Stack Overflow and no one seemed to have the same problem, namely, that the file is not received by the server:
import requests url=' files={'files': open('file.txt','rb')} values={'upload_file' : 'file.txt' , 'DB':'photcat' , 'OUT':'csv' , 'SHORT':'short'} r=requests.post(url,files=files,data=values) I'm filling the value of 'upload_file' keyword with my filename, because if I leave it blank, it says
Error - You must select a file to upload! And now I get
File file.txt of size bytes is uploaded successfully! Query service results: There were 0 lines. Which comes up only if the file is empty. So I'm stuck as to how to send my file successfully. I know that the file works because if I go to this website and manually fill in the form it returns a nice list of matched objects, which is what I'm after. I'd really appreciate all hints.
Some other threads related (but not answering my problem):
6 Answers
If upload_file is meant to be the file, use:
files = {'upload_file': open('file.txt','rb')} values = {'DB': 'photcat', 'OUT': 'csv', 'SHORT': 'short'} r = requests.post(url, files=files, data=values) and requests will send a multi-part form POST body with the upload_file field set to the contents of the file.txt file.
The filename will be included in the mime header for the specific field:
>>> import requests >>> open('file.txt', 'wb') # create an empty demo file <_io.BufferedWriter name='file.txt'> >>> files = {'upload_file': open('file.txt', 'rb')} >>> print(requests.Request('POST', ' files=files).prepare().body.decode('ascii')) --c226ce13d09842658ffbd31e0563c6bd Content-Disposition: form-data; name="upload_file"; filename="file.txt" --c226ce13d09842658ffbd31e0563c6bd-- Note the filename="file.txt" parameter.
You can use a tuple for the files mapping value, with between 2 and 4 elements, if you need more control. The first element is the filename, followed by the contents, and an optional content-type header value and an optional mapping of additional headers:
files = {'upload_file': ('foobar.txt', open('file.txt','rb'), 'text/x-spam')} This sets an alternative filename and content type, leaving out the optional headers.
If you are meaning the whole POST body to be taken from a file (with no other fields specified), then don't use the files parameter, just post the file directly as data. You then may want to set a Content-Type header too, as none will be set otherwise. See Python requests - POST data from a file.
(2018) the new python requests library has simplified this process, we can use the 'files' variable to signal that we want to upload a multipart-encoded file
url = ' files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')} r = requests.post(url, files=files) r.text Client Upload
If you want to upload a single file with Python requests library, then requests lib supports streaming uploads, which allow you to send large files or streams without reading into memory.
with open('massive-body', 'rb') as f: requests.post(' data=f) Server Side
Then store the file on the server.py side such that save the stream into file without loading into the memory. Following is an example with using Flask file uploads.
@app.route("/upload", methods=['POST']) def upload_file(): from werkzeug.datastructures import FileStorage FileStorage(request.stream).save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename)) return 'OK', 200 Or use werkzeug Form Data Parsing as mentioned in a fix for the issue of "large file uploads eating up memory" in order to avoid using memory inefficiently on large files upload (s.t. 22 GiB file in ~60 seconds. Memory usage is constant at about 13 MiB.).
@app.route("/upload", methods=['POST']) def upload_file(): def custom_stream_factory(total_content_length, filename, content_type, content_length=None): import tempfile tmpfile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile('wb+', prefix='flaskapp', suffix='.nc') app.logger.info("start receiving file ... filename => " + str(tmpfile.name)) return tmpfile import werkzeug, flask stream, form, files = werkzeug.formparser.parse_form_data(flask.request.environ, stream_factory=custom_stream_factory) for fil in files.values(): app.logger.info(" ".join(["saved form name", fil.name, "submitted as", fil.filename, "to temporary file", fil.stream.name])) # Do whatever with stored file at `fil.stream.name` return 'OK', 200 @martijn-pieters answer is correct, however I wanted to add a bit of context to data= and also to the other side, in the Flask server, in the case where you are trying to upload files and a JSON.
From the request side, this works as Martijn describes:
files = {'upload_file': open('file.txt','rb')} values = {'DB': 'photcat', 'OUT': 'csv', 'SHORT': 'short'} r = requests.post(url, files=files, data=values) However, on the Flask side (the receiving webserver on the other side of this POST), I had to use form
@app.route("/sftp-upload", methods=["POST"]) def upload_file(): if request.method == "POST": # the mimetype here isnt application/json # see here: body = request.form print(body) # <- immutable dict body = request.get_json() will return nothing. body = request.get_data() will return a blob containing lots of things like the filename etc.
Here's the bad part: on the client side, changing data={} to json={} results in this server not being able to read the KV pairs! As in, this will result in a {} body above:
r = requests.post(url, files=files, json=values). # No! This is bad because the server does not have control over how the user formats the request; and json= is going to be the habbit of requests users.
Upload:
with open('file.txt', 'rb') as f: files = {'upload_file': f.read()} values = {'DB': 'photcat', 'OUT': 'csv', 'SHORT': 'short'} r = requests.post(url, files=files, data=values) Download (Django):
with open('file.txt', 'wb') as f: f.write(request.FILES['upload_file'].file.read()) In Ubuntu you can apply this way,
to save file at some location (temporary) and then open and send it to API
path = default_storage.save('static/tmp/' + f1.name, ContentFile(f1.read())) path12 = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "static/tmp/" + f1.name) data={} #can be anything u want to pass along with File file1 = open(path12, 'rb') header = {"Content-Disposition": "attachment; filename=" + f1.name, "Authorization": "JWT " + token} res= requests.post(url,data,header) 
